GAZA, Palestinian
Territories —
The Palestinian resistance group
Hamas is reviving relations with the Syrian
government after a decade-long rupture sparked by the outbreak of Syria’s
bloody civil war.
اضافة اعلان
Hamas’ move
comes amid fundamental changes in Middle East relationships that saw the
Islamists’ long-time ally Turkey restore full diplomatic ties in August with
Israel.
A delegation led
by Hamas officials is expected in the Syrian capital next week, following a
series of preparatory meetings.
The group last
month hailed its newly warming ties with
Syria as “a service to the
(Palestinian) nation” whose people also live under Israeli occupation in the
West Bank.
Hamas cited the
“rapid regional and international developments surrounding our cause and our
nation” — without directly referring to Israel’s restored ties with Turkey and
relations with several Arab nations.
Iran-led ‘axis’
The leadership of Hamas, which has ruled the Israeli-blockaded enclave
of Gaza since 2007, has long been based abroad as Israeli occupation forces
have repeatedly bombed the Gaza Strip.
Hamas had its
headquarters in
Damascus but closed them in 2012 after the group, which emerged
from the Muslim Brotherhood movement, sided with the opposition against Assad.
Its leaders then
moved to the Gulf state of Qatar and to Turkey, which had cut ties with Israel
over a deadly Israeli commando raid on a Turkish aid ship that had tried to
breach the crippling Gaza sea blockade.
The Hamas
delegation expected in Damascus next week is to be headed by Khalil Al-Hayya,
its head of Arab relations, said Khaled Abdel Majid, head of the Palestinian
Popular Struggle Front, a group close to the Syrian government.
Hamas’ decision
to ally again with Damascus follows numerous visits by its officials to Syria,
both “secret and public”, a senior Hamas source told AFP on condition of
anonymity.
Those meetings
were mediated by Iran and Hezbollah, which have both fought on Assad’s side in
the civil war, the source said.
All this
reflects Iran’s wish to bolster the “axis of resistance” which also includes
Palestinian resistance group Islamic Jihad, said Mukhaimer Abu Saada, a
political science professor at Gaza’s
Al-Azhar University.
As Iran’s talks
to restore its frayed 2015 nuclear deal with major powers have faltered, it has
turned closer to Russia, which is also facing deepening international isolation
over its war in Ukraine.
Hamas chief Ismail
Haniyeh, based in Qatar, last month travelled to Moscow and met Russia’s
Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov.
‘A moral sin’
As the group returns to Syria, the senior Hamas source told AFP, it
plans to “open a representative office in Damascus soon, as a first step
towards the return of normal relations”.
The former
political chief of Hamas,
Khaled Mashal, once enjoyed rare privileges in
Damascus and had a personal relationship with Assad.
However, it
remains unlikely the Syrian government will allow Hamas to rebuild a foothold
that has “the weight it had a decade ago”, said Jamal Al-Fadi, also a politics
professor at Al-Azhar.
The Hamas
leadership may also be wary of spending too much time in Syria, given that
Israel regularly launches air strikes on the country.
“Hamas’
relationship with Syria at the moment will be subject to difficult security
considerations,” said Fadi. “It exposes its leaders and its activists to the
dangers of being easily targeted by Israel.”
The budding
Hamas-Syrian ties have exposed rifts within the Islamist movement.
Saleh Al-Naami,
a politics professor at the
Islamic University of Gaza who is close to Hamas,
described the deal with Damascus as a “moral sin”.
“It also does
not reflect the base of the movement and of the vast majority of its
(political) elite,” he wrote on Twitter.
However, the
head of Hamas’ political committee, Bassem Naim, said the decision followed
years of regional and international discussions.
“In the end, Hamas went
with the majority opinion on the resumption of the relationship with Syria,”
said Naim. “There is no choice but for Hamas to be at the center of the
resistance axis.”
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