From hypersonic to cruise missiles, North Korea started 2022
with its most intensive spate of weapons testing in years, but analysts said
the barrage is more domestic political ploy than a diplomatic gambit.
اضافة اعلان
After a decade in power, leader Kim Jong Un has little to
celebrate, with a COVID-battered economy causing food shortages at home,
diplomacy with the US stalled and biting sanctions taking their toll.
That may explain why North Korea has carried out five
weapons tests in the last three weeks, analysts said — and a dramatic
demonstration of the nuclear-armed country’s military prowess offers a quick
win ahead of important domestic anniversaries.
“Missiles and weapon developments are probably the only
things Kim Jong Un can confidently display as achievements,” said
defector-turned-researcher Ahn Chan-il.
“He’s not got much to offer the North Korean people right
now.”
This is particularly important as the country prepares to
celebrate the 80th anniversary of the birth of Kim’s father, late leader Kim
Jong Il, in February, as well as the 110th birthday of the country’s founding
leader Kim Il Sung in April.
Under North Korea’s dynastic system, marking his
forefather’s birthdays with appropriate “grandeur” is politically crucial for
Kim, Cheong Seong-chang of the Center for North Korea Studies at the Sejong
Institute told AFP.
“For such important anniversaries, North Korea likes to hold
a military parade to show off their new weapons,” he said.
The country often test-fires new weaponry before wheeling it
out publicly, which both demonstrates their capability and adds to the general
festivities, he added.
Pyongyang has not tested intercontinental ballistic missiles
or nukes since 2017, putting launches on hold as Kim embarked on a blitz of
high-level diplomacy through three meetings with then-US president Donald Trump
and other top leaders.
But last week, the regime said it would examine restarting
all temporarily-suspended activities, in response to what it called the
“provocation” of new US sanctions imposed after this year’s tests.
The last time North Korea tested this many weapons in a
month was in 2019, after high-profile negotiations collapsed between Kim and
Trump.
Clock is ticking
With reports of soaring food prices and worsening hunger, an
economically-reeling Pyongyang earlier this month restarted cross-border trade
with neighboring China.
And Pyongyang’s recent decision to accept Chinese aid — a
first since the beginning of the pandemic — may have motivated the recent
military show of force “to avoid looking weak,” said Leif-Eric Easley, a
professor at Seoul’s Ewha University.
And with Beijing set to host the Winter Olympics from early
February, North Korea has a narrow window for sabre-rattling ahead of South
Korea’s upcoming election if it doesn’t want to anger its sole major ally by
raining missiles on their parade.
“To the extent the North Koreans have missiles to test for
improving military capabilities and sending signals before South Korea’s
presidential election on March 9, they should probably do so before the Beijing
Olympics opening ceremonies on February 4,” Easley added.
But it’s unlikely that the recent string of launches are
directly aimed at goading the administration of US President Joe Biden into
talks, he said.
Pyongyang doesn’t “appear interested in negotiations while
self-isolating from COVID”.
The diplomatic cost to Kim of the recent tests is also
minimal thanks to strong backing from Beijing, which views North Korea as a
useful “buffer” in a region full of US allies like Tokyo and Seoul, said Yang
Moo-jin, a professor at the University of North Korean Studies.
China will block any efforts to impose new sanctions over
short-range missile tests, but if North Korea follows through on a threat to
restart long-range or nuclear tests, it will be “nearly impossible” for Beijing
to help.
‘Missed opportunities’
Washington, for its part, has repeatedly emphasized that it
is prepared to restart talks.
The Biden administration has been “very clear about our
intent: number one, we have no hostile intent. We harbor no hostile intent,
towards the DPRK,” State Department spokesman Ned Price told reporters on
January 26, referring to North Korea by its official name.
“We are open to diplomacy,” he added.
But the likelihood of any actual progress on that front is
slim to none, said Jenny Town, senior fellow at the Stimson Center.
“The US has really missed opportunities to try to get ahead
of the game and try to induce the North Koreans back to the table,” she said.
“There isn’t the political appetite in the US to make those
moves. They’re not willing to expend political capital on North Korea.”
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